The plan of consideration directs attention to the Person of the Holy Spirit to the exclusion of His work. The various qualities of His Person demonstrate that personality is a necessity, the center without which other qualities could not exist. He is considered perhaps the world's foremost interpreter of biblical prophecy.John is perhaps best known for his bestselling work on Bible prophecy, Armageddon... More. The Spirit as one who manifests grace is revealed in the titles, Spirit of Grace (Heb 10:29), and the Spirit of Grace and Supplication (Zech 12:10). From the explicit revelation of the attributes of the Holy Spirit, it may be concluded that His deity is given further evidence against which no argument could stand. The Work of the Holy Spirit in the Believer, 10. In the New Testament, the Holy Spirit comes to us in person to glorify Christ in every believer as He works to create God’s family on the earth—that is, the Church as God’s household. No clearer statement of the intimate interworking of the triune God—Father, Son and Holy Spirit—and especially of the Spirit’s powerful role can be found in the Old Testament than in Isaiah’s prophecy of the Servant of the Lord (Is. The order of discussion is alphabetical. 1 He possesses emotions, intellect and will. 4) The Holy Spirit is a distinct Person within the Godhead, not a force, a thing, or an “it” Qualities that a person has…(a force or thing does not) 1) The Holy Spirit has intellect. On the human level, possession of life is taken as proof of possession of personality, one without the other being impossible. The place itself he never can lose, inasmuch as his Head and Representative, Christ, occupies it on his behalf. In any case, the instances are numerous and well scattered throughout the Old Testament. The Spirit neither sends the Father nor the Son, but is subordinate to Their will which at all times is His own will, and accomplishes His work in the earth. In addition to these, two other titles are given the Holy Spirit, affirming His works. If the Holy Spirit were not God, it would not be possible to commit this sin. While the variations in the views of doctrine on the Person of the Holy Spirit have been many, the great body of orthodox and conservative theology has held to the personality of the Spirit, the proofs of which may be here considered. The third verse above on the Holy Spirit is showing that the Holy Spirit is omnipresent, which means that He is everywhere at all times. (2) The Holy Spirit possesses life (Rom 8:2) which is an essential of personality. The attribute of grace is found in two titles, (16) Spirit of Grace (Heb 10:29), and (17) Spirit of Grace and Supplication (Zech 12:10). The use of clothing as a figure to reveal spiritual truth is prominent in Scripture as evidenced in other connections in Scripture (2 Cor 5:3; Eph 4:24; 6:11-17; Col 3:10, 12; 1 Thess 5:8; Rev 19:8, 13, 14). 20 Unpublished notes on Genesis, taken stenographically, Oct 10, 1931. The reference to baptism by fire in Matt 3:11-12 apparently is not connected with a work of the Spirit at any time, referring rather to the purging accomplished by Christ Himself for the nation Israel at His second coming, and by application, the destruction of the flesh and its works at the judgment seat of Christ. In several instances, however, the masculine pronouns are found (John 15:26; 16:13, 14). A seal by its nature indicates (1) security, (2) safety, (3) ownership, (4) authority. Life on a moral plane is always associated with personality. 4 On the day of Pentecost, in connection with the work of the Spirit on that occasion, “tongues like as of fire” touched each of the believers (Acts 2:3). The experience of the Christian life and faith enters into these realities and affirms that it is most natural for Christians to regard the Holy Spirit as they would regard a person. Eleven titles are found relating the Holy Spirit to the Father: (1) Spirit of God (Gen 1:2; Matt 3:16); (2) Spirit of the Lord (Luke 4:18); (3) Spirit of Our God (1 Cor 6:11); (4) His Spirit (Num 11:29); (5) Spirit of Jehovah (Judg 3:10); (6) Thy Spirit (Ps 139:7); (7) Spirit of the Lord God (Isa 61:1); (8) Spirit of your Father (Matt 10:20); (9) Spirit of the living God (2 Cor 3:3); (10) My Spirit (Gen 6:3); (11) Spirit of Him (Rom 8:11). The Holy Spirit in Relation to the Unsaved World, 6. The Spirit of wisdom (Eph 1:17), the Spirit of Wisdom and Understanding, the Spirit of Counsel and Might, the Spirit of Knowledge and of the Fear of the Lord (Isa 11:2) speak of the several ministries of God in teaching, guiding and strengthening the saint. The term God as found in the translations of the Old and New Testaments is frequently identified with the Holy Spirit. What does the Bible say to the church, and to the individual Christian, about the role of politics in the church? He grieves, He knows, He is eternal, He encourages, He gives understanding, He gives peace, He comforts, He directs, and He can be prayed to. (1) The unity of the Spirit is revealed in the title, One Spirit (Eph 4:4). By it we are known, and by it we are clothed. The basic words in the original are also used in reference to entities other than the Holy Spirit. It must be admitted that the study of His Person is never complete without the complement of the revelation of His Person in His works. 1. He has been introduced thither by the blood of the Lord Jesus Christ, and nothing should be suffered to take him thence. fire, Matt 3:12). The Holy Spirit in Relation to the Person and Work of Christ, 5. While personification of things material and immaterial is common, such uses of the personal pronouns are quite obvious and do not cause confusion. Rather than describing the Holy Spirit as a distinct person or entity, the Bible most often refers to it as and connects it with God's divine power (Zechariah 4:6 Zechariah 4:6 Then he answered and spoke to me, saying, This is the word of the LORD to Zerubbabel, saying, Not by might, nor by power, but by my spirit, said the LORD of hosts. The Spirit of Truth (John 14:17) has a similar idea. From the various lines of evidence, it is clear that the only tenable position for those who accept the Scriptures is to accept the full-orbed personality of the Holy Spirit. What does the Bible say to the church, and to the individual Christian, about the role of politics in the church? Without denial of the one Essence of the Godhead, the personality of the Holy Spirit must be affirmed and is subject to proof unassailable by any who accept the Scriptures as authoritative. Q. In the discussion of the titles revealing His attributes, it may be noticed that the Spirit of Glory (1 Pet 4:14) engages in a work to bring the saints to glory. On the occasion of Pentecost, a “sound from heaven as of a rushing mighty wind” was heard. F. E. Marsh illustrates it in this manner: ”‘All things are ours,’ not as to actual or full enjoyment, but as to possession or security; just as a child who is heir to property left to him, and is allowed a certain part of it until he becomes of age, when he may enter into and enjoy the whole, is assured the property is none the less his, although he has not come into full possession.”22. This is done unconsciously rather than deliberately, their relation to the Spirit effecting this response. John 3:8 uses the word for spirit to represent wind instead of the more common word (πνεῦμα for ἀνεμος). The Father is of none, neither begotten nor proceeding; the Son is eternally begotten of the Father; the Holy Ghost eternally proceeding from the Father and the Son.”12. A mere influence or emanation does not create, empower, teach, guide, pray, or command. Hence, the Holy Spirit is accorded the same honor, position, and ministry as the other members of the Trinity. Embraced in this opening article are the following major divisions of the Person of the Holy Spirit: (1) The Personality of the Holy Spirit; (2) The Deity of the Holy Spirit; (3) the Procession of the Holy Spirit; (4) The Titles of the Holy Spirit; (5) The Types of the Holy Spirit. The several instances point to details of the confirming evidence. The work of F. E. Marsh goes far to illustrate the beauties in this type.19. The Work of the Holy Spirit in the Believer, 9. The inference from John 15:26 is certainly that of an eternal relation. Another instance of such association is found in the apostolic benediction recorded in 2 Corinthians 13:14. The use of name in the singular is worthy of note. All agree that the term Jehovah is a title of deity. Two approaches are possible for the doctrine of the attributes of the Spirit. He is called the Spirit of truth ( John 16:13 ) and our Advocate ( John 14:26 ). Q. This has been the position of the orthodox body of Christians from the beginning. Every aspect of the truth regarding the Holy Spirit speaks in eloquent terms of His deity. Typology in relation to the doctrine of the Holy Spirit is not of great importance, but the eight major types of the Spirit discussed here will add their revelation to other fields of investigation. As His Person is pure spirit, to which no material is essential, He is revealed in the Scriptures as the Spirit. From the nature of the dove, however, it may be inferred that it speaks of beauty, gentleness, peace, and a heavenly nature. In harmony with this is the Bible’s general usage of “holy spirit” in an impersonal way, such as paralleling it with water and fire. In the nature of the case, every discussion of any portion of either the Person or work of the Holy Spirit has a bearing on the doctrine of His personality. The field of typology is rich, and has been unfortunately ignored by theologians. The doctrine of procession has to do with the being and eternity of the Holy Spirit in His relation to the Father and the Son. As Charles Hodges states: “He is introduced as a person so often, not merely in poetic or excited discourse, but in simple narrative, and in didactic instructions; and his personality is sustained by so many collateral proofs, that to explain the use of the personal pronouns in relation to Him on the principle of personification, is to do violence to all the rules of interpretation.”3 The Greek of the New Testament is quite explicit in confirming the personality of the Holy Spirit by use of the pronouns. A study of the references to the Holy Spirit by various titles in Scripture will reveal some significant facts. He can’t be completely understood, but He can be known. His presence is our guarantee. But it is possible to discern that each of the inspired writers has caught some special aspect of the Holy Spirit’s person or work, which is reiterated in his pages. Hence, we find the Spirit being sent into the world to reveal truth on behalf of Christ (John 16:13-15), with the special mission of making the things of Christ known and magnifying the Father and the Son. Christians who have an intelligent comprehension of truth regard the Holy Spirit as an object of faith. Expressions like the breath of his lips (Isa 11:4), and the breath of his nostrils (2 Sam 22:16) in reference to God, while anthropomorphisms, connote the power of the Spirit. In Isaiah, and in the Psalms, the twofold teaching concerning Him is His connection with the Messiah on the one hand, and what may be called His personal qualities, such as being grieved, or vexed, by ingratitude or rebellion, on the other.”15. John F. Walvoord, long-time president of Dallas Theological Seminary, was one of the most prominent evangelical scholars of his generation. It reveals the Holy Spirit as one who is always ready to help the Christian. The Work of the Holy Spirit in the Old Testament, 3. The figure would seem to indicate that the presence and power of the Holy Spirit is our protection from the world and our official vestment. From other Scripture, however, it appears that fire is typical generally of judgment of sin and sanctification of the saint (cf. It may be concluded that the reference to fire in connection with the day of Pentecost had in view the sanctification and preparation for fellowship and service necessary for the ministry that lay ahead. He is the token and pledge that all the Father has promised while not ours now as to actual enjoyment is nevertheless our possession and will be ours to enjoy later. A comparison of Scriptures often reveals an association of the Persons of the Trinity in terms which infer equality of association. Galatians 1:12 - For I neither received it of man, neither was I taught [it], but by the revelation of … It is a fundamental revelation that the Holy Spirit is a Person, in the sense that the Father is a Person, and the Son is a Person. While the Father sends the Son and the Spirit, the Son never sends the Father, but does send the Spirit. The Spirit is a person and not merely a force. SEARCHING, SPEAKING AND PRAYING For example, we read in 1 Corinthians 2:10 that the Holy Spirit searcheth the deep things of God. Whenever his difficulties come between his heart and the Lord, he is evidently not enjoying the Lord’s presence, but suffering in the presence of his difficulties.-Selected. The identification of God and the Holy Spirit is further illustrated by the fact that blasphemy against the Holy Spirit is declared by Christ to be unpardonable (Matt 12:31-32). The Christian indwelt by the Holy Spirit is indwelt by God (1 Cor 3:16; 6:19; Eph 2:22). (4) The eternity of the Spirit is seen in the title, Eternal Spirit (Heb 9:14). As an illustration, three of His works may be brought forward as being distinctively in the realm of divine operation. The Spirit of Life (Rom 8:2) is the agent of regeneration. ), and in the books of Moses. He is not seeking His own glory any more than the Son sought His own glory while in the period of humiliation. The matter of interpretation enters into the problem. From the assumption that the Holy Spirit is God, it may be deducted that every attribute of the Trinity is an attribute of the Holy Spirit. Thayer defines it, “Money which in purchases is given as a pledge that the full amount will subsequently be paid.”21 The Holy Spirit Himself rather than His gifts is the Earnest. On the part of the Holy Spirit, the eternal procession of the Spirit issued in the ministry which ensued. Men may influence, but only God can sanctify. 2 Theological Institutes, Vol. Another instance of identification of Jehovah and the Holy Spirit is found in Jeremiah 31:31-34 and Hebrews 10:15. 28:19, “Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit,” 2 Cor. This is just one more piece of Scriptural evidence that the Holy Spirit has all of the divine attributes and abilities of God Himself and as such, has to be God and Lord Himself. Since one of the major aspects of God’s nature is that he is a person, it follows that the Holy Spirit is a person. In the former instance it is significant of eternal life in abundance; in the latter case, it indicates the unending blessings flowing from His Person and work, the meaning made clear by the use of the term, rivers of living water. Apart from other blessings of the presence of the Holy Spirit is the significant fact that He in all the wonder of His Person should be indwelling the saint. In reference to the Spirit, then, water speaks of eternal life, of cleansing by washing, of the unlimited abundance of blessing, and spiritual refreshment. Jehovah is used of all three Persons of the Trinity severally as well as of the Trinity corporately. The same use of the masculine may be observed in the use of the relative pronouns, and in such a connection as supporting the thought of personality (Eph 1:13-14). Receiving the Holy Spirit – Bible verses about the baptism of the Holy Spirit “I indeed baptize you with water unto repentance, but He who is coming after me is mightier than I, whose sandals I am not worthy to carry. The terms cannot be reversed. Cummings lists eighty-eight references to the Holy Spirit in the Old Testament.13 The American Standard Version of the Bible by means of initial capital letters indicates considerably more than this. (1) It may be noted that the Holy Spirit possesses the essential of mind or intelligence. Fact: The King James version of the Bible includes at 1 John 5: 7, 8 the words “in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost: and these three are one. The ministry of the Third Person is accomplished in His own power and gives testimony to His eternal deity and glory, but it is accomplished on behalf of the Father and the Son. That it is used typically in reference to the Holy Spirit is clear from John 4:14; 7:38-39. In the flood of Noah, it speaks of judgment (cf. He is considered perhaps the world's foremost interpreter of biblical prophecy.John is perhaps best known for his bestselling work on Bible prophecy, Armageddon... More. In this frequently quoted verse, the Persons of the Trinity are displayed in all their equality, and accorded equal honor. F. E. Marsh adds to these suggestions that (5) “Among men a seal signifies a finished transaction”; (6) that the seal constitutes a mark of recognition; (7) that the seal implies secrecy and (8) obligation; and that “the seal leaves an impression upon the wax which corresponds to it,” i.e., is evidenced in the life of the believer.24 It is an evidence of the grace of God that such assurance should be given the believer in this age. In connection with the sending forth of the dove from the ark by Noah, Dr. Herbert Mackenzie finds in the account an indication of the dispensational character of the ministry of the Spirit. The Work of the Holy Spirit in the Believer. Abundant revelation is given in the titles of the Holy Spirit to disclose His attributes. (4) Omniscience belongs to the Holy Spirit (1 Cor 2:10-11), and (5) omnipotence, as illustrated in His work of creation (Gen 1:2). While there is some distinction in meaning in the various titles, the chief significance is to bring out the relationship of the Holy Spirit as the Third Person of the Trinity, all affirming His deity and procession. To many people, the Holy Spirit is an enigma. Christ spoke of being “harmless as doves” (Matt 10:16), and reference is made to the selling of doves in the temple for sacrifice (Matt 21:12; Mark 11:15; Luke 2:24; John 2:14, 16). Happy New Year: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives. Others suggest that perhaps the Holy Spirit is just another name for Jesus, in spirit form, apart from His body. The eternity of the Spirit (7) is evidenced also in Scripture (Heb 9:14). It is inconceivable that the Scriptures should turn from the normal neuter to the masculine unless a person is in view. The significance of the singular points to the fact that the final name of God is, “Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.” The Holy Spirit is essential to the Triune God. An examination of the Scriptural revelation on the Holy Spirit will indicate that He is nowhere given a formal name, such as we have for the Second Person, the Lord Jesus Christ, but is rather given descriptive titles, of which the most common in Scripture and in common usage is the Holy Spirit. For the sake of analysis, however, His Person will be considered first, with reference to His work only where necessary, leaving to later discussion the aspects of His work throughout the ages. It proceeds rather from the very nature of the Godhead, being necessary to its existence. Our inheritance, our salvation, our glory, our fellowship with God, our likeness unto Him, our freedom from sin and its evils, all are represented in the token payment of the Person of the Spirit. Matt. John 16:13 - Howbeit when he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he will guide you into all truth: for he … International Standard Bible Encyclopaedia, v.s., Oil. The abundance in which water has been created gives rise to a variety of meanings. On that occasion all four Gospels mention that the Holy Spirit descended upon Christ in the form of a dove (Matt 3:16; Mark 1:10; Luke 3:22; John 1:32). The second outgoing of the dove is parallel to the second outgoing of the Spirit during the life of Christ. Christ seems to be using wind as a type of the Spirit, even though the word spirit is used. (2) The work of the Holy Spirit in regeneration (John 3:6) likewise is clearly in the realm of a work of God. Misconception: The “Holy Ghost,” or holy spirit, is a person and is part of the Trinity, as stated at 1 John 5: 7, 8 in the King James version of the Bible. The remaining lines of evidence are even more important. Both titles refer to the same entity. The personality of the Holy Spirit has been attacked by Socinius and his followers ancient and modern who have held to the general position that the Holy Spirit is an impersonal energy proceeding from God… He states that the first visit of the dove is significant of the visit of the Holy Spirit during the patriarchal and prophetic ages, vainly seeking a godly seed (Mal 2:15). Nor can we trace any relation to the comparatively spirituality of the books, though Isaiah stands so high in the list; for whereas Ezekiel stands first, and Judges has seven, Psalms has only six, Deuteronomy only one, and 2nd Chronicles four. Generation must be guarded from all purely anthropomorphic ideas, and proceeding must be made eternal. The identification is not of Person but of Essence. We may see, then, in the work of both the Son and the Spirit, an illustration of the respective doctrines of eternal generation and procession. 3 He was sinned against and lied to. From these several identifications, an inescapable conclusion is reached of the deity of the Holy Spirit. The instances of reference to oil in the Old Testament outnumber those to the Holy Spirit. Hebrews 4:12 Word of God strength thoughts A Lasting Legacy: Choosing A Wife For Isaac (Gen. 24:1-67). The Work of the Holy Spirit in Salvation; 7. Cummings notes that the Pentateuch has fourteen references, none in Leviticus, that Isaiah and Ezekiel have fifteen each, and that the references are scattered throughout twenty-two of the thirty-nine books of the Old Testament.14 The concise summary of Cummings on the significance of these references may well be quoted: “It is impossible to say that the passages increase in number, or in clearness, with any special characteristic of the books of Scripture. The abundant creedal evidence while not possessing the infallible inspiration of the Bible may be taken as conclusive proof that the large portion of evangelical Christendom accepts without question this doctrine. (3) The deity of the Holy Spirit is conclusive evidence of personality, as sustained in the material upholding the deity of the Holy Spirit to be given in a later section. As Christ became an obedient Son in doing the Father’s will, so the Holy Spirit in procession became obedient to the Father and the Son. Without denial of the one Essence of the Godhead, the personality of the Holy Spirit must be affirmed and is subject to proof unassailable by any who accept the Scriptures as authoritative. The early creeds of the Christian church gave attention to the proper statement of it. Oil played an important part in the sacrifices (Lev 1-7). 2 The Holy Spirit spoke to Philip and gave counsel to the church at Jerusalem. Watson7 notes that inspiration of Scripture may be traced to God (Heb 1:1), to the Holy Spirit (2 Pet 1:21), and to the Spirit of Christ (1 Pet 1:11). Water in the form of dew may be taken to indicate the refreshing work of the Spirit in the midst of spiritual darkness (Gen 27:28; Hos 14:5). 4. It was used to induct kings into office (1 Sam 10:1; 16:13; 1 Kgs 1:39; etc.). 23 Cf. The Holy Spirit Himself is the Seal. His sovereign purposes may not be understood, but it is clear that all is according to an infinite plan. An extensive argument for the deity of the Holy Spirit is found in His works, the extended study of which will be the subject of later discussion. A number of Scripture references indicate that the Holy Spirit constitutes a seal of the believer’s redemption (2 Cor 1:22; Eph 1:13; 4:30). In the tabernacle, the pure olive oil which kept the lamp burning continually in the holy place speaks eloquently of the ministry of the Holy Spirit in revelation and illumination, without which the showbread (Christ) would be unseen in the darkness, and the way into the holiest of all would not be made plain (Exod 27:20-21). The Greek word which is rendered "spirit" means "breath" and though the Holy Spirit as a Person does not come out distinctly in this early reference to Him in Gen. ii.7, nevertheless, this passage interpreted in the light of the fuller revelation of the New Testament clearly refers to the Holy Spirit. A collection of verses showing the identity, ministry, and personhood of the Holy Spirit, organized by category: The Holy Spirit mentioned on equal level with God. Theologians have borrowed the Scriptural distinctions as to the eternal relation of the Second and Third Persons to the First Person. 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